作者
Author

謝佳玲

Chia-Ling Hsieh

關鍵詞
Key words

情態，認知，義務，動力，評價

modality, epistemic, deontic, dynamic, evaluative

摘要

　　文獻透過西方理論擬設的華語情態詞並非自然類，各家認定的範圍亦不同，爭議在於情態詞是否表達說話者的觀感或具有可能性或必要性的邏輯。在兼顧普遍語法與個別語法的原則下，本文釐清英語與華語表顯情態的形式差異，將華語情態詞分為認知、義務、動力與評價四類，各類之下含兩套子系統。這些語意範圍顯示傳統的界定標準宜修改為「觀點或態度的來源」與「可能世界的概念」，藉此將狹義與廣義的情態詞皆建構成嚴謹的語意自然類。

Abstract

　　Previous studies on Chinese modality adopt the framework based largely upon evidence attested in western languages and thus fail to generate a semantically natural class. A considerable discrepancy also exists between different treatments as to how the category of Chinese modal expressions is to be delimited. Issues include the legitimacy of defining modals as a direct reflect of the speaker's opinion or attitude, as well as the limitation in relating modals to the logic of possibility or necessity. To settle these questions, this paper gives consideration to cross-linguistic regularities and Chinese-dependent variations. It is argued that Chinese modals denote Epistemic, Deontic, Dynamic, and Evaluative, each including two subsystems. Such inventory provides support for two semantic dimensions relevant to establish the category of Chinese modals. One draws a distinction between modals that signal the semantic source and those that do not. The other sets real world and possible world apart. These two criteria portray modalities in varied scopes of sense as semantically natural classes, thereby proven to be able to capture what it is that determines the category modality in Chinese

內容語文
Language

中文

頁次
Page

1-25

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